Sociological Factors Of Criminal Behavior Essay - 2085 Words

This paper will focus on the sociological factors of criminal behavior. This study will illustrate how society and other external influences drive an individual into committing crimes. Differential Association Theory and Strain Theory will be applied in this paper. Research by Agnew, Helfgott, Merton, Sharma, S., Sharma, G., Barkataki and others will be examined as well. Additionally, an experiment conducted by Patenoster, McGloin, Nguyen, Thomas and a story told by BBC will be used as an aid to a deeper understanding in the external factors of criminal behavior. The main focus centers around on how society and other external factors play a role in the development of criminal behavior. Keywords: crime, Differential Association Theory, Strain Theory, deviance, delinquency, media, society, copycat crime, external factors, criminal behavior Criminal behavior is defined as an act that violates the public law established by the government. Individuals exhibiting criminal behavior may be subjected to negative consequences such as imprisonment or death penalty. Criminal behavior is normally associated with deviance, which is the violations of norms (Henslin, 2017). The factors which influences the criminal behavior is often debated by researchers, whether they are acquired or inborn. Specifically, scientists who study sociobiology believe that genetic predispositions lead people to engage in deviant or criminal acts (Henslin, 2017). As the study of geneticsShow MoreRelatedtheories on crime comparison1138 Words   |  5 Pagespaper will provide information on sociological theory including the relationship between personality and criminal behavior according to sociological theory. Also, this paper will provide a comparison on each key elements on sociological theory, biological theory, and psychological theory. In addition, the paper will allow each reader to understand the philosophical basis for each theory. Sociological Theory Sociological theory identifies different social factors that connects individuals to crimeRead MoreTheories on Crime1253 Words   |  5 Pageschallenges in developing theories that explain human behavior. In relation to crime, human behavior varies because participants differ in backgrounds, experiences, and characteristics. However, several criminologists and other social scientists have made important contributions in explaining criminal behavior. These contributions have mainly involved the establishment of several theories on crime that focus on various aspects of criminal behavior. Some of the major theories on crime include classicalRead MoreWhy do individuals commit crimes?1381 Words   |  6 Pagesresearchers of all kinds have been persistent in analyzing criminals for an answer. The scholarly attention to crime from various perspectives has allowed for an extensive range of theories which are based on three broad theoretical approaches of explaining criminal behaviour. Th ese theoretical approaches, which focus on the causes of crime and deviance in modern society, are the biological approach, psychological approach and the sociological approach. First, the Biological Theory believes that anRead MoreThe Theory Of Body Types, And The Y Chromosome Theory1194 Words   |  5 Pages psychological, and sociological perspectives have applied their different thought processes to produce many theories. Some of these ideas have been discredited, however some remain significant today. Sociological theories differ from biological and psychological theories by looking at external factors rather than internal ones. Biological theories on deviance are the result of looking for answers that are specific to certain individuals, namely, criminals and non-criminals. Theorists in this respectRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime Causation871 Words   |  4 PagesSince then, criminologists have expanded on the idea and have developed new ways as to why people commit crime; all including theories such as biological, psychological, and sociological causes for crime (Siegel, 2013). Biological theories of crime made the assumptions that physical traits can lead an individual to criminal activities. Biological theories of crime causation were initially based on the assumption that delinquency is inherited. Physical attributes were known to pass down from parentRead MoreDigital Crime Theory And The Psychoanalytic Theory1017 Words   |  5 Pagesperform daily activities. (Hafner, K. et.al., 1995). The haste to clasp this new technology has led to unveiling of a new line of criminals and criminal activities, commonly referred as hackers and hacking respectively. For us to understand the criminal behavior of cyber criminals, it’s critical to examine the traditional psychological theories of the criminal behavior and their application to generate a breakthrough to understand hacking. The two primary cybercrime theories are the learning theoryRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime : The Classical View960 Words   |  4 Pagesview believes that a person’s decisions are not made due to free will, but shaped by society and the environment that they live in. From these two main views branched many different views to explain who or what may be responsible for crime; known as criminal behavioral theories. Influenced by the classical theory is the rational choice theory, all the other theories; biosocial, psychological, social learning, and social structure is influenced by the positivist view. The rational choice theory believesRead MoreSocial and Biological Reasoning Behind Crime1592 Words   |  7 Pagestheories for why criminals are criminals. These theories have been developed, changed, and even thrown out over the years. Each one has been contradicted and reaffirmed, until eventually there is a consensus for both biological and sociological reasons which would explain why a person would act criminally or participate in a criminal act/behavior. I argue that the most relevant theories to answering why a person would do these things are social disorganization and neurological factors, specificallyRead MoreThe Crime Of The Criminal Justice System845 Words   |  4 PagesThe criminal justice policy has many different aspects. This include the different theories of crime and how they have an impact the criminal justice system. Some of this theories are the Biological studies, Psychological theories, and last the Sociological theory all are used as different methods of exp laining why crime exists. Biological theories are the biological explanations of crime. A famous theorists Cesare Lombroso, founder of the Italian school of Positivist Criminology. His biologicalRead MoreIp3 Crime Causation1535 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 3 Crime Causation CRJS105-1201A-03 By Erika.Esquer1 1/22/2012 American InterContinental University Online Abstract This essay will focus on sociological theories of crime and their description, the strengths and weaknesses of each; sociological control theory, strain theory, differential association theory and neutralization theory. This essay will also focus on Rajartnam who was convicted for inside trading in 2011. Introduction A different approach to criminological theory was

The Awful Side of Academic Essay

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Inflation and Job Creation Policies †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Inflation and Job Creation Policies. Answer: Introduction Stability in an economy refers to a stable condition in different macroeconomic indicators. For any single market, equilibrium is ensured by the demand and supply condition in the market. Once equilibrium is determined in the market demand and supply forces interact to maintain stability. The operation of price mechanism as an invisible hand restores equilibrium. The concept of microeconomic stability is needed to understand macroeconomic stability. However, it macroeconomic stability should analyzed with a broad spectrum. In this paper, economic stability of Australia is discussed under the purview of indicators such as gross domestic product, inflation, unemployment and external stability. Stability symbolizes a resting state that can be restored without any exogenous forces. The adjustment of stability is best understood in terms of microeconomic stability in terms of supply and demand forces. The equilibrium outcome from the above figure is obtained as P* as equilibrium price and Q* as equilibrium price. Consider price revised upward to P1. At an increased price, demand decreases while supply increases. An excess supply resulted from this fact. The excess supply will be absorbed only when there is a reduction is price. Therefore, price starts falling. This will continue unless price reaches to the original equilibrium position P*. Conversely, the adjustment is opposite when price falls below the equilibrium price say at P2. At the price an excess demand is resulted from the fact that demand at this price exceeds its existing supply (Zinn et al., 2016). To cut the demand price has to be increased from P2. Therefore, price again moves towards equilibrium price. This explains why E is a stable equilibrium point. Any deviation from E moves back to this point without any intervention. The stability adjusts is autonomous. The aspect is broad when the overall economy is concerned. The demand and supply forces considered here are the forces of aggregated demand and aggregate supply. Aggregate supply is summation of expenditure in an economy. In captures the overall demand of the economy. It is also considered as planned expenditure. Aggregate supply represents actual expenditure of the economy. Government intervention and health of the economy Stability for the economy as a whole needs consideration on a broad spectrum. The forces of aggregate demand and aggregate supply cannot always maintain economic stability autonomously. In this situation, government policy intervention becomes necessary. Government has two major policy tools to intervene in an economy. One is fiscal policy instrument and other is monetary policy instrument. Fiscal policy uses tools of direct taxation or government spending to affect GDP of the economy (Goodwin et al., 2013). Monetary policy tool is used for maintaining stability of the price level. Monetary policy works using through adjustment available money supply. Government uses other stabilization instrument to maintain stability in the economy. Australia is a market dependent economy. There is no centralized planning following which economic activities are guided. Major decisions are taken in the economy in the marketplace through interaction of demand and supply forces. Australia engages in international affairs thorough trade, investment and other transaction (Groenewegen McFarlane, 2014). Hence, stability for the external economies also matters for Australian economy. GDP stands for representing market values of goods and services in an economy. The goods and services produced within the economy is computed using the market value of goods and services produced. In Australia, Australian Bureau of Labor statistics computes GDP statistic (rba.gov.au, 2017). A stable GDP implies stability for the economy. However, GDP is not a complete measure of well being. Still it is considered as a primary determinant factor of stability. From the above GDP statistics, a stable trend in GDP is obtained for the last ten years. GDP grows overtime in Australia, which implies stability in income and other related indicators. As mentioned earlier GDP alone cannot give complete scenario of the economy. Therefore, other indicators need to be evaluated. One such important indicator is unemployment statistics. The division of working age population in Australia is given in the following flow chart. The problem of unemployment substantially reduced overtime. Unemployment rate peaked up in 2009, partly due to global recession in 2008. After that, unemployment remains almost stable (Gregory Smith, 2016). People in Australia remain unemployed for a comparatively for a short time period. Approximately 60 percent of workforce those remain unemployed was unemployed for less than six month. Nearly 44 percent was unemployed for less than 13 weeks. Overall stability of the economy is measured in terms of inflation trend. Fluctuation in the price level indicates unstable condition for the economy. Australia is successful in maintain a stable state of price level. Inflation rate reduces gradually and remain at a moderate to low level (worldbank.org, 2017). Automatic stabilizer and Discretionary stabilizers are used for maintain stability in the crisis period. Automatic stabilizers are developed using direct tool of direct tax or government spending. However, Automatic stabilizers do not have direct influence on federal policy structure. Discretionary stabilizers are intensive measures for maintaining stability. Government here introduces new types of tax or makes some significant changes in its policy framework. Conclusion The report aimed at conduction a research analysis on economic stability and particular areas of government intervention for maintaining for maintaining a good health of the economy. Microeconomic stability is restored with the adjustment of price mechanism. In case of macroeconomic stability, aggregate demand and aggregate supply are considered and government often actively intervenes to maintain stability of the economy. Particular focus is given on the Australian economy. Australia maintains a stable state in its GDP, inflation and unemployment level. Moreover, there are stabilization instrument to maintain stability for Australian economy. References Australia Inflation Rate | 1951-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast. (2017).Tradingeconomics.com. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/inflation-cpi Current Price Gross Domestic Product in Australia. (2017).Fred.stlouisfed.org. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/AUSGDPNQDSMEI Goodwin, N., Nelson, J., Harris, J., Torras, M., Roach, B. (2013).Macroeconomics in context. ME Sharpe. Gregory, R. G., Smith, R. E. (2016). 15 Unemployment, Inflation and Job Creation Policies in Australia.Inflation and Unemployment: Theory, Experience and Policy Making, 325. Groenewegen, P., McFarlane, B. (2014).A History of Australian Economic Thought (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Measures of Consumer Price Inflation | RBA. (2017).Reserve Bank of Australia. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://www.rba.gov.au/inflation/measures-cpi.html Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) | Data. (2017).Data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?end=2016locations=AUstart=2005view=chart Zinn, J., Arjomand, L., Finlay, N., Kheirandish, R., Solomon, G. (2016). Principles of Microeconomics.

Vangogh Essays - Vincent Van Gogh, Van Goghs Family In His Art

Vangogh The rapid evolution of a style characterized by canvases filled with swirling, bright colors depicting people and nature is the essence of Vincent Van Gogh's extremely prolific but tragically short career. Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on March 30, 1853, in Holland, son of a Dutch Protestant pastor and eldest of six children. His favorite brother Theo was four years younger. When Vincent was twelve to sixteen years old, he went to a boarding school. That next year he was sent to The Hague to work for an uncle who was an art dealer, but van Gogh was unsuited for a business career. Actually, his early interests were in literature and religion. Very dissatisfied with the way people made money and imbued with a strong sense of mission, he worked for a while as a lay preacher among proverty-stricken miners. Van Gogh represented the religious society that trained him in a poor coal-mining district in Belgium. Vincent took his work so seriously that he went without food and other necessities so he could give more to the poor. The missionary society objected to Vincent's behavior and fired him in 1879. Heartsick, van Gogh struggled to keep going socially and fin! ancially, yet he was always rejected by other people, and felt lost and forsaken. Then, in 1880, at age 27, he became obsessed with art. The intensity he had for religion, he now focused on art. His early drawings were crude but strong and full of feeling: "It is a hard and a difficult struggle to learn to draw well... I have worked like a slave ...." His first paintings had been still lifes and scenes of peasants at work. "That which fills my head and heart must be expressed in drawings and in pictures...I'm in a rage of work." In 1881, he moved to Etten. He very much liked pictures of peasant life and labor. Jean-Francois Millet was the first to paint this as a main theme and his works influenced van Gogh. His first paintings here were crude but improving. Van Gogh's progress was interrupted by an intense love for his widowed cousin Kee Vos. On her decisive rejection of him he pursued her to Amsterdam, only to suffer more humiliation. Anton Mauve, a leading member of the Hague school was a cousin of van Gogh's mother. This opportunity to be taught by him encouraged van Gogh to settle in Den Hague with Theo's support. When van Gogh left Den Hague in September 1883 for the northern fenland of Drenth, he did so with mixed feelings. He spent hours wandering the countryside, making sketches of the landscape, but began to feel isolated and concerned about the future. He had rented a little attic in a house but found it melancholy, and was depressed with the quality of his equipment. "Everything is too miserable, too insufficient, too dilapidated." Physically and mentally unable to cope with these conditions any longer, he left for his parents' new home in Nuenen in December 1883. Van Gogh had a phase in which he loved to paint birds and bird's nests. This phase did not last long. It only lasted until his father's death six months later. "The Family Bible" which he painted just before leaving his house for good, six months after his father's death in 1885, must have meant a great deal to him. Van Gogh had broken with Christianity when he was fired from the missionary which proved to be the most painful experience of his life, and one from which he never quite recovered. At Nuenen, van Gogh gave active physical toil a remarkable reality. It's impact went far beyond what the realist Gustave Corbet had achieved and beyond even the quasi-religious images of Jean-Francois Millet. He made a number of studies of peasant hands and heads before embarking on what would be his most important work at Nuenen. The pinnacle of his work in Holland was The Potato Eaters, a scene painted in April 1885 that shows the working day to be over. It was the last and most ambitious painting of his pre-Impressionist period, 1880-1885. When van Gogh painted the The Potato Eaters, he had not yet discovered the importance of color. Van Gogh went to Antwerp in November 1885, partly to escape local gossip. He vainly attempted to make money from painting portraits, townscapes, and trades men's signs. Then he enrolled at the